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使用UTL_FILE转储数据为逗号分隔符文件
作者:eygle | 【转载请注出处】|【云和恩墨 领先的zData数据库一体机 | zCloud PaaS云管平台 | SQM SQL审核平台 | ZDBM 数据库备份一体机】
链接:https://www.eygle.com/archives/2005/05/eoautl_fileeioe.html
Tom写过这样一个函数用于把数据转储为逗号分隔符文件,看到很多人问类似的问题,转载这里供参考。链接:https://www.eygle.com/archives/2005/05/eoautl_fileeioe.html
注意,UTL_FILE使用的Directory,需要你预先创建,具体可以参考Using Create directory & UTL_FILE in Oracle
create or replace function dump_csv( p_query in varchar2, p_separator in varchar2 default ',', p_dir in varchar2 , p_filename in varchar2 ) return number AUTHID CURRENT_USER is l_output utl_file.file_type; l_theCursor integer default dbms_sql.open_cursor; l_columnValue varchar2(2000); l_status integer; l_colCnt number default 0; l_separator varchar2(10) default ''; l_cnt number default 0; begin l_output := utl_file.fopen( p_dir, p_filename, 'w' ); dbms_sql.parse( l_theCursor, p_query, dbms_sql.native ); for i in 1 .. 255 loop begin dbms_sql.define_column( l_theCursor, i, l_columnValue, 2000 ); l_colCnt := i; exception when others then if ( sqlcode = -1007 ) then exit; else raise; end if; end; end loop; dbms_sql.define_column( l_theCursor, 1, l_columnValue, 2000 ); l_status := dbms_sql.execute(l_theCursor); loop exit when ( dbms_sql.fetch_rows(l_theCursor) <= 0 ); l_separator := ''; for i in 1 .. l_colCnt loop dbms_sql.column_value( l_theCursor, i, l_columnValue ); utl_file.put( l_output, l_separator || l_columnValue ); l_separator := p_separator; end loop; utl_file.new_line( l_output ); l_cnt := l_cnt+1; end loop; dbms_sql.close_cursor(l_theCursor); utl_file.fclose( l_output ); return l_cnt; end dump_csv; /
以下是使用样例:
[oracle@jumper tmp]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri May 13 15:04:41 2005 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production With the Partitioning option JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production SQL> select dump_csv('select * from scott.emp',',','/tmp','emp.csv') from dual; DUMP_CSV('SELECT*FROMSCOTT.EMP',',','/TMP','EMP.CSV') ----------------------------------------------------- 14 SQL> ! more /tmp/emp.csv 7369,SMITH,CLERK,7902,17-DEC-80,800,,20 7499,ALLEN,SALESMAN,7698,20-FEB-81,1600,300,30 7521,WARD,SALESMAN,7698,22-FEB-81,1250,500,30 7566,JONES,MANAGER,7839,02-APR-81,2975,,20 7654,MARTIN,SALESMAN,7698,28-SEP-81,1250,1400,30 7698,BLAKE,MANAGER,7839,01-MAY-81,2850,,30 7782,CLARK,MANAGER,7839,09-JUN-81,2450,,10 7788,SCOTT,ANALYST,7566,19-APR-87,3000,,20 7839,KING,PRESIDENT,,17-NOV-81,5000,,10 7844,TURNER,SALESMAN,7698,08-SEP-81,1500,0,30 7876,ADAMS,CLERK,7788,23-MAY-87,1100,,20 7900,JAMES,CLERK,7698,03-DEC-81,950,,30 7902,FORD,ANALYST,7566,03-DEC-81,3000,,20 7934,MILLER,CLERK,7782,23-JAN-82,1300,,10
历史上的今天...
>> 2008-05-13文章:
>> 2007-05-13文章:
By eygle on 2005-05-13 15:24 | Comments (14) | SQL.PLSQL | 283 |
请问如何将这种文件再导入呢
逗号分隔符文件可以用sqlldr加载到数据库啊!
有没有办法直接导出成以TAB键分隔的文本文件
已经OK了,在命令提示符状态下可以直接键入一个TAB,就可以正常导出来.我之前在pl/sql developer中键入TAB会变成多个空格.
我执行这个命令出错
SQL> select dump_csv('select * from scott.emp',',','/tmp','emp.csv') from dual;
select dump_csv('select * from scott.emp',',','/tmp','emp.csv') from dual
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-29280: 目录路径无效
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 33
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 436
ORA-06512: 在 "BEE.DUMP_CSV", line 17
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
这样才对,什么原因?
SQL> select dump_csv('select * from scott.emp',',','UTL_FILE_DIR','emp2.csv') from dual;
DUMP_CSV('SELECT*FROMSCOTT.EMP',',','UTL_FILE_DIR','EMP2.CSV')
--------------------------------------------------------------
14
SQL>
to l1t;
我在开头给出了链接:
http://www.eygle.com/archives/2005/04/using_create_di.html
你从程序也可以看到,传入的路径是给utl_file作为传入参数的,而utl_file.fopen需要一个directory作为参数。
thanks eygle
对中文支持有些问题,出来都是乱码,而且不能在其中再使用字符集转换函数
中文乱码一定是因为你的NLS_LANG设置有问题.
中文OK了,不能将转换函数放在dump_csv的sql语句中,可以放在dbms_sql.column_value( l_theCursor, i, l_columnValue );后
--贴一个我最近写的,导出的数据以"",""分隔,这样用sqlload的时候遇上非法字符就不会出错了.
--设置数据库参数文件(initORCL.ora)
--加入一行:utl_file_dir = *
--重启数据库使参数生效。
create or replace procedure output_data
(
i_tablename in varchar2,
o_result out number,
o_errormessage out varchar2
)
as
cursor c1(m_tablename varchar2) is select column_name from user_tab_columns
where table_name=m_tablename order by column_id;
C2 C1%rowtype;
m_result number;
m_errormessage varchar2(512);
m_columns varchar2(10000);
m_sql varchar2(10000);
m_otext varchar2(10000);
beginflag number;
the_c1 integer;
fdbk INTEGER;
f_handle utl_file.file_type;
begin
beginflag :=0;
open c1(i_tablename);
loop
fetch c1 into c2;
exit when c1%notfound or c1%notfound is null;
--dbms_output.put_line('m_columns='||m_columns);
if beginflag = 0 then
m_columns := '''"'''||'||replace("'||c2.column_name||'"'||','||'''"'''
||','||''''''||')'||'||'||'''"''';
else
m_columns := m_columns||'||'||''','''||'||'||'''"'''||'||replace("'||
c2.column_name||'"'||','||'''"'''||','||''''''||')'||'||'||'''"''';
end if;
beginflag := 1;
end loop;
close c1;
m_sql :='select '||m_columns||' from '||i_tablename;
the_c1 :=dbms_sql.open_cursor;
dbms_sql.parse(the_c1,m_sql,dbms_sql.v7);
dbms_sql.define_column(the_c1,1,m_otext,3800);
fdbk := dbms_sql.execute(the_c1);
dbms_output.put_line('fdbk='||fdbk);
f_handle:=utl_file.fopen('/opt/oracle/data/',i_tablename||'.txt','w',32767);
loop
--fetch next row. exit when done.
exit when dbms_sql.fetch_rows (the_c1) = 0;
dbms_sql.column_value (the_c1, 1,m_otext);
utl_file.put_line(f_handle,replace(replace(m_otext,chr(10),'') ,chr(13),''));
end loop;
dbms_sql.close_cursor(the_c1);
utl_file.fclose(f_handle);
o_result:=0;
exception
when others then
dbms_sql.close_cursor(the_c1);
utl_file.fclose(f_handle);
m_result := sqlcode;
m_errormessage := m_result||substr(sqlerrm,1,200);
o_result:=-1;
o_errormessage := m_errormessage;
end;
/
var m_result number;
var m_errormessage varchar2(512);
--set NLA_LANG
exec output_data('TABLE_NAME',:m_result,:m_errormessage);
今天试了一下
utl_file.fopen(dir,'c:\test.txt','A');
中的dir必须加单引号而且必须大写才可以
SQL> select * from dba_directories where DIRECTORY_NAME='DIR';
小写就要报找不到路径
我出现了中文乱码问题,请问该如何转换?
看你的字符集设置是不是有问题。